Urocortin III (mouse) (trifluoroacetate salt)

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A neuropeptide hormone; expressed in the hypothalamus, brainstem, and LS/BnST as well as the small intestine, pancreatic β-cells, and skin in mice; selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 5, 1.8, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively); stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CR2α and mouse CR2β (EC50s = 0.073 and 0.08 nM, respectively); increases exploration in the open field test and decreases latency to enter the lit compartment in the dark-light emergence test, indicating anxiolytic-like activity in mice (20 µg, i.c.v); co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro and in vivo in wild-type mice; depleted from β-cells in mouse and macaque models of type 2 diabetes